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1. Hydraulic calculation of branched pipeline network
The core of hydraulic calculation of branched pipeline network is flow distribution, pipe diameter selection, and head loss calculation, which need to be calculated step by step in combination with node flow and fluid mechanics formulas. 1. Disassemble the calculation steps by first sorting out the pipe network structure based on the direction of water flow. After the node flow is determined, the flow of the pipe segment is extrapolated based on the principle of flow continuity (for example, if a node receives multiple branch inputs, the flow is stacked according to the branches). When selecting a pipe diameter, it is necessary to balance the economic flow rate (usually 0.8-1.5m/s) with the engineering cost. For example, selecting a DN200 pipe with a flow rate of 25L/s can meet a flow rate of 1m/s. The calculation of head loss requires simultaneous consideration of friction along the way (Darcys formula) and local resistance (valves, bends), especially noting that the proportion of along way loss in long-distance transportation can reach more than 90%
2. Method example: Taking a two node three pipe section system as an example: • Pipe section 1-2: total flow=node 2 (10L/s)+node 3 (15L/s)=25L/s • Pipe section 2-3: only 15L/s of node 3 needs to be carried. Calculated at an economic flow rate of 1m/s: $d=\ sqrt {\ frac {4Q} {\ pi v}=\ sqrt {\ frac {4 × 0.025} {3.14 × 1} ≈ 0.1 78m $, actual DN200 pipe along the way loss calculation input parameters: $h3=0.02 × \ frac {500} {0.2} × \ frac {(0.025/(0.25 × 3.14 × 0.2 ^ 2)) ^ 2} {2 × 9.8} $(actual flow velocity needs to be verified) 3 When conducting on-site measurements of key implementation points, the heig
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2. Node Traffic
Node traffic, in simple terms, refers to the overall traffic aggregated on a certain network node. The size of this traffic is not affected by the direction of the traffic, and it focuses on the sum of all unit quantities passing through that node.
. In the design of water supply networks, there are various calculation methods: firstly, the length to flow ratio method can be used. The basic principle of this method is to add up all the flow along the pipeline and then divide it by half of the total length of the nodes. The formula is: Qj (node flow)=∑ flow along the line/2. Here, Qj represents node traffic, and ∑ represents the sum of all traffic along the line. Secondly, another calculation method is based on the length per capita water equivalent. This method takes into account population factors, where the flow rate of the irregular reed infiltration point is equal to the per capita water distribution equivalent of the designed population at that node multiplied by the population, plus the water consumption of large users (such as factories or public facilities). The formula is: Qj=per capita water distribution equivalent * n
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